Torts: Medical Malpractice

This project is part of ALI’s ongoing revision of the Restatement Second of Torts. Portions of the Restatement Second have been superseded by the Restatement Third of Torts: Products Liability, Apportionment of Liability, Liability for Physical and Emotional Harm, and Liability for Economic Harm. This Restatement addresses medical liability.

Reporters:
Nora Freeman Engstrom, Stanford Law School, Stanford, CA
Michael D. Green, Washington University School of Law, Saint Louis, MO
Mark A. Hall, Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
William C. Powers, Jr., University of Texas at Austin School of Law, Austin, TX [deceased 2019]

Tentative Draft No. 2 (Electronic PDF)

206 pages, 2024, #1R3TMMTD2E

Tentative Draft No. 2 contains material on Liability for Breach of Duty, Standard of Reasonable Medical Care, Establishing Breach of the Standard of Care, Res Ipsa Loquitur, Lost Chance, Agreements Affecting Medical Liability, No Waiver of Liability, Agreements to Take a Nonstandard Approach to Care, Informed Consent: Duty and Exceptions, Informed Consent: Factual Cause and Scope of Liability, Medical Institutions’ Duties, and Vicarious Liability. The membership voted to approve this draft at the 2024 Annual Meeting subject to the discussion at the Meeting and editorial prerogative. This material may be cited as representing the Institute’s position until the official text is published.

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Table of Contents

Section Page

Project Status at a Glance ....................................................................................................................... xiii

Foreword ................................................................................................................................................. xiv

Reporters’ Memorandum ......................................................................................................................... xv

Medical Malpractice

Introductory Note ....................................................................................................................................... 1

Special Note on Reproductive Harm ......................................................................................................... 2

§ 4. Liability for Breach of Duty .................................................................................................................. 2

§ 5. Standard of Reasonable Medical Care ............................................................................................... 3

§ 6. Establishing Breach of the Standard of Care ................................................................................... 39

§ 7. Res Ipsa Loquitur ............................................................................................................................. 53

§ 8. Lost Chance ..................................................................................................................................... 55

§ 9. Agreements Affecting Medical Liability ............................................................................................. 66

§ 10. No Waiver of Liability ...................................................................................................................... 70

§ 11. Agreements to Take a Nonstandard Approach to Care ................................................................... 72

Reporters’ Special Note to §§ 12 and 13 on Ethical Idealism versus Legal Pragmatism in Informed Consent Law ............................................................................................................................................ 87

§ 12. Informed Consent: Duty and Exceptions ........................................................................................ 88

§ 13. Informed Consent: Factual Cause and Scope of Liability ............................................................. 128

§ 14. Medical Institutions’ Duties ........................................................................................................... 140

§ 15. Vicarious Liability .......................................................................................................................... 163

Appendix A. Black Letter of Tentative Draft No. 2 ............................................................................ 182

Appendix B. Black Letter of Sections Approved by Membership ................................................... 188

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Tentative Draft No. 1 (Electronic PDF)

98 pages, 2023, #1R3TMMTD1E