Restatement of the Law Third,
This project is part of ALI’s ongoing revision of the Restatement Second of Torts. Portions of the Restatement Second have been superseded by the Restatement Third of Torts: Products Liability, Apportionment of Liability, Liability for Physical and Emotional Harm, and Liability for Economic Harm.
This Restatement addresses topics not covered in another part of the Restatement Third of Torts that either require updating since publication of the Restatement Second or were not previously addressed but should be covered in a modern torts Restatement. These topics include vicarious liability, wrongful death and survival actions, among others.
At the 2024 Annual Meeting, the following actions were taken on Tentative Draft No. 3:
- A motion to replace the black letter on Medical Monitoring did not pass.
- A motion to replace the black letter on the Firefighter’s Rule passed.
- A motion to replace the black letter on § 20 A, Bad-Faith Performance of First-Party Insurance Contract, did not pass.
The membership voted to approve Tentative Draft No. 3, which contains material on Medical Monitoring, Statutes of Limitations and Repose, Negligent Misrepresentation Causing Physical Harm, Wrongful-Death and Survival Actions, Interference with Family Relationships, Aiding and Abetting Negligence Torts, Agreements to Engage in Conduct that is Negligent or Reckless, the Firefighter’s Rule, Bad-Faith Performance of First-Party Insurance Contract, Spoliation of Evidence, Equitable Estoppel as a Defense to Tort Liability, Tort Liability Based on Estoppel, Prenatal Injury, Wrongful Pregnancy, Wrongful Birth, and Wrongful Life, Liability for the Provision of Alcohol, and Negligence Liability of Product Suppliers.
At the 2023 Annual Meeting, the membership voted to approve to approve §§48D-48F (Sepulcher) of the draft. The membership discussed and voted on several motions on the section on medical monitoring. Because of time constraints, discussion of the section was not completed and no vote was taken to approve the section. Time expired before the remainder of the draft could be discussed.
At the 2022 Annual Meeting, the membership voted to approve Tentative Draft No. 1, which includes material on Apportionment of Liability for Economic Harm; Wrongful Acts Doctrine; Liability of Medical Professionals and Institutions; Interference with Family Relationships; Immunities; Parental Standard of Care; and Consortium. A motion to amend §§ 4 A and 4 B failed.
The Council approved the initiation of this project in January 2019. Beginning with the drafts for the 2023 Annual Meeting, material on medical liability will be produced separately as the Restatement of the Law Third, Torts: Medical Malpractice.
All draft approvals are subject to the discussion at the meeting and usual editorial prerogative.
Nora Freeman Engstrom
Stanford Law School, Stanford, CA
Michael D. Green
Washington University School of Law, Saint Louis, MO
Guy Miller Struve
Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP (Retired), New York, NY
Kenneth S. Abraham
University of Virginia School of Law, Charlottesville, VA
Brent R. Appel
Supreme Court of Iowa, Des Moines, IA
Shawn J. Bayern
Florida State University College of Law, Tallahassee, FL
Cheri L. Beasley
Raleigh, NC
J. Brett Busby
Supreme Court of Texas, Austin, TX
David G. Campbell
U.S. District Court, Phoenix, AZ
W. Jonathan Cardi
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
Edward H. Cooper
University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, MI
Amy J. St. Eve
U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit, Chicago, IL
Elizabeth Faiella
Faiella & Gulden, P.S., Winter Park, FL
Gary Feinerman
Latham & Watkins LLP, Chicago, IL
Richard H. Friedman
Friedman Rubin, Bremerton, WA
Mark Geistfeld
New York University School of Law, New York, NY
Myriam E. Gilles
Yeshiva University, Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law, New York, NY
Abbe R. Gluck
Yale Law School, New Haven, CT
Steve C. Gold
Rutgers Law School, Newark, NJ
Charles E. Griffin
Butler Snow LLP, Ridgeland, MS
Mark A. Hall
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
Heather Hansen
O'Brien & Ryan, LLP, Plymouth Meeting, PA
Richard L. Hasen
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Stephen A. Higginson
U.S. Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, New Orleans, LA
Jill R. Horwitz
University of California, Los Angeles School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Ralph A. Jacobs
Westport Island, ME
Nina A. Kohn
Syracuse University College of Law, Syracuse, NY
Joshua D. Koskoff
Koskoff Koskoff & Bieder, Bridgeport, CT
Alexandra D. Lahav
Cornell Law School, Ithaca, NY
Beverly B. Martin
Center on Civil Justice, New York University School of Law, New York, NY
Margaret Penny Mason
Barclay Damon LLP, New Haven, CT
Dayna Bowen Matthew
George Washington University Law School, Washington, DC
Leigh Martin May
U.S. District Court, Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta, GA
Jessica Miller
Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP, Washington, DC
Kenneth Murphy
Philadelphia, PA
Leonard Jack Nelson
Samford University School of Law, Birmingham, AL
David Orentlicher
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law, Las Vegas, NV
Jim M. Perdue
Perdue & Kidd, Houston, TX
Philip G. Peters
University of Missouri School of Law, Columbia, MO
Robert L. Rabin
Stanford Law School, Stanford, CA
Christina C. Reiss
U.S. District Court, District of Vermont, Burlington, VT
Ellen Relkin
Weitz & Luxenberg, PC, New York, NY
Julius N. Richardson
U.S. Court of Appeals, Fourth Circuit, Columbia, SC
Christopher John Robinette
Southwestern Law School, Los Angeles, CA
William M. Sage
Texas A&M University School of Law, Fort Worth, TX
Nadia N. Sawicki
Loyola University Chicago School of Law, Chicago, IL
Victor E. Schwartz
Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP, Washington, DC
Marc M. Seltzer
Susman Godfrey LLP, Los Angeles, CA
Joanna Shepherd
Emory University School of Law, Atlanta, GA
Laura Sigman
Children's National Health System, Washington, DC
Larry S. Stewart
Stewart Tilghman Fox Bianchi & Cain, P.A. (Retired), West Palm Beach, FL
David Studdert
Stanford Law School, Palo Alto, CA
Thomas D. Waterman
Supreme Court of Iowa, Des Moines, IA
Malcolm E. Wheeler
Wheeler Trigg O'Donnell LLP, Denver, CO
John Witt
Yale Law School, New Haven, CT
Jennifer Wriggins
University of Maine School of Law, Portland, ME
Allison Zieve
Public Citizen Litigation Group, Washington, DC
Adam S. Zimmerman
University of Southern California, Gould School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
Benjamin C. Zipursky
Fordham University School of Law, New York, NY
Patrick Bailey
American College of Surgeons, Washington, DC
Laura A. Foggan
Crowell & Moring LLP, Washington, DC
Kyle Palazzolo
American Medical Association Office of the General Counsel, Chicago, IL
Marc T. Amy
Jones Walker LLP, Lafayette, LA
James M. Anderson
RAND Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA
José F. Anderson
University of Baltimore School of Law, Baltimore, MD
Christopher Edward Appel
Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP, Washington, DC
James K. Archibald
Wright, Constable & Skeen, LLP, Towson, MD
Ronald G. Aronovsky
Southwestern Law School, Los Angeles, CA
Michael F. Aylward
Morrison Mahoney LLP (Retired), Boston, MA
Tom Baker
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School, Philadelphia, PA
Steven K. Balman
Shook & Johnson, Tulsa, OK
Jennifer S. Bard
University of Cincinnati College of Law, Cincinnati, OH
William T. Barker
Dentons US LLP (Retired), Chicago, IL
James M. Beck
Reed Smith LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Charles L. Becker
Kline & Specter, PC, Philadelphia, PA
Mark A. Behrens
Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP, Washington, DC
Neal S. Berinhout
AT&T (Retired), Atlanta, GA
Mary Jane Bowes
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, PA
Thomas H. Boyd
Winthrop & Weinstine, PA, Minneapolis, MN
Stuart N. Brotman
University of Tennessee, College of Communication & Information, Knoxville, TN
Arthur H. Bryant
Clarkson Law Firm, Malibu, CA
Ellen M. Bublick
Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Phoenix, AZ
John P. Burton
Rodey, Dickason, Sloan, Akin & Robb, P.A., Santa Fe, NM
Karen K. Caldwell
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
Stephen Calkins
Wayne State University Law School, Detroit, MI
Elena A. Cappella
Philadelphia, PA
Martha E. Chamallas
The Ohio State University, Moritz College of Law, Columbus, OH
Stephen Yee Chow
Stephen Y. Chow, PC, Boston, MA
Michael G. Colantuono
Colantuono, Highsmith & Whatley, PC, Grass Valley, CA
George W. Conk
Fordham University School of Law, New York, NY
Christine Nero Coughlin
Wake Forest University School of Law, Winston-Salem, NC
Christopher Scott D'Angelo
Montgomery, McCracken, Walker & Rhoads, LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Keith L. Davidson
Law Offices of Keith L. Davidson, Crystal Lake, IL
Deborah A. DeMott
Duke University School of Law, Durham, NC
John L. Diamond
University of California College of the Law, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
Anthony M. DiLeo
Anthony M. DiLeo, APC, New Orleans, LA
James B. Dolan
Bager, Dolan, Parker & Cohen, Boston, MA
Carla C. van Dongen
State Farm Insurance Companies (Retired), Bloomington, IL
John Fitzgerald Duffy
University of Virginia School of Law, Charlottesville, VA
Holly A. Dyer
Foulston Siefkin LLP, Wichita, KS
Jordan Elias
Girard Sharp LLP, San Francisco, CA
Richard G. Feder
Philadelphia, PA
Jay M. Feinman
Rutgers Law School, Camden, NJ
Arthur Norman Field
Field Consulting Services LLC, New York, NY
John F. Fischer
Oklahoma Court of Civil Appeals, Tulsa, OK
Paul J. Fraidenburgh
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, San Diego, CA
David R. Geiger
Foley Hoag LLP, Boston, MA
Sharon Stern Gerstman
Magavern Magavern Grimm LLP, Buffalo, NY
Elizabeth Barrowman Gibson
Toyota Motor North America, Inc., Plano, TX
Donald G. Gifford
University of Maryland, Francis King Carey School of Law, Baltimore, MD
Philip S. Goldberg
Shook, Hardy & Bacon LLP, Washington, DC
James Goudkamp
Oxford University, Oxford
Valerie P. Hans
Cornell Law School, Ithaca, NY
Paul T. Hayden
Loyola Law School, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
Richard Conrad Henke
Thomas M. Cooley Law School, Lansing, MI
Stephen J. Herman
Fishman Haygood L.L.P, New Orleans, LA
Daniel Earle Hinde
Dan Hinde PLLC, Houston, TX
Sharona Hoffman
Case Western Reserve University School of Law, Cleveland, OH
Roger F. Holmes
Biss & Holmes, Anchorage, AK
Molly S. Van Houweling
University of California, Berkeley School of Law, Berkeley, CA
Kevin D. Jewell
Court of Appeals, Fourteenth District of Texas, Houston, TX
Vincent R. Johnson
St. Mary's University School of Law, San Antonio, TX
Allan Kanner
Kanner & Whiteley, LLC, New Orleans, LA
Gregory C. Keating
University of Southern California, Gould School of Law, Los Angeles, CA
D. Arthur Kelsey
Supreme Court of Virginia, Richmond, VA
Leslie Carolyn Kendrick
University of Virginia School of Law, Charlottesville, VA
Nancy S. Kim
Chicago-Kent College of Law, Chicago, IL
Harold H. Kim
U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Washington, DC
Erik Knutsen
Queen's University School of Law, Kingston
Peter R. Kochenburger
Southern University Law Center, Baton Rouge, LA
Candace Saari Kovacic-Fleischer
American University, Washington College of Law, Washington, DC
Ronald J. Krotoszynski
University of Alabama School of Law, Tuscaloosa, AL
Peter B Kutner
University of Oklahoma College of Law, Norman, OK
Joseph H. Lang
Carlton Fields P.A., Tampa, FL
John P. Lavelle
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Douglas Laycock
University of Virginia School of Law (Retired), Charlottesville, VA
Steve Leben
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, Kansas City, MO
Lawrence C. Levine
University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law, Sacramento, CA
Michael E. Levine
Stewart Tilghman Fox Bianchi & Cain, P.A., Miami, FL
William Parker Lightfoot
Lightfoot Law, Washington, DC
Carlos Gómez Ligüerre
Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona
Kyle D. Logue
University of Michigan Law School, Ann Arbor, MI
William Cullen MacDonald
Hawkins Delafield & Wood LLP, Bethesda, MD
Solangel Maldonado
Seton Hall University School of Law, Newark, NJ
Patrick A. Malone
Patrick Malone & Associates, PC, Washington, DC
D. Price Marshall
U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR
Brett A. Mason
Troutman Pepper Locke LLP, Atlanta, GA
Lorelie S. Masters
Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP, Washington, DC
Thomas Wm. Mayo
Southern Methodist University, Dedman School of Law, Dallas, TX
Christopher J. McFadden
Court of Appeals of Georgia, Atlanta, GA
James C. McKay
Office of the Attorney General for the District of Columbia, Washington, DC
Richard J. McNeil
Crowell & Moring LLP, Irvine, CA
Stephanie A. Middleton
The American Law Institute (Retired), Greenbrae, CA
Jim A. Moseley
Gray Reed & McGraw, LLP, Dallas, TX
Luther T. Munford
Butler Snow LLP, Ridgeland, MS
Valerie M. Nannery
American Constitution Society, Washington, DC
Donal Nolan
University of Oxford, Worcester College, Oxford
James M. Oleske
Lewis & Clark Law School, Portland, OR
Robert M. Palumbos
Duane Morris LLP, Philadelphia, PA
Stephen Patrick Pate
Cozen O'Connor, Houston, TX
Robert S. Peck
Center for Constitutional Litigation, PC, Washington, DC
E. Farish Percy
University of Mississippi Law School, Oxford, MS
Jeffrey M. Pollock
Pollock Law, LLC, Princeton, NJ
Polly J. Price
Emory University School of Law, Atlanta, GA
Marlon A. Primes
Brennan, Manna & Diamond, Cleveland, OH
Ellen S. Pryor
UNT Dallas College of Law, Dallas, TX
Stuart A. Raphael
Court of Appeals of Virginia, Richmond, VA
Hugh Massey Ray
Pillsbury Winthrop Shaw Pittman LLP, Houston, TX
Margaret Raymond
University of Wisconsin Law School, Madison, WI
Clifford A. Rieders
Rieders, Travis, Dohrmann, Mowrey, Humphrey & Waters, Williamsport, PA
Christopher T. Robertson
Boston University School of Law, Boston, MA
Armand James Robertson
Superior Court of California, City and County of San Francisco (Retired), San Francisco, CA
Michael Lindsay Robinson
North Carolina Business Court, Winston Salem, NC
Daniel B. Rodriguez
Northwestern University Pritzker School of Law, Chicago, IL
Joseph Sanders
University of Houston Law Center, Houston, TX
Nathan A. Schachtman
Center for Truth in Science, Haddonfield, NJ
Milton R. Schroeder
Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Paradise Valley, AZ
Robert P. Schuster
Robert P. Schuster, P.C., Jackson, WY
Susan Sharko
Faegre Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP, Florham Park, NJ
Kenneth W. Simons
University of California, Irvine School of Law, Irvine, CA
Douglas G. Smith
Alpheus LLC, Chicago, IL
Carl A. Solano
Superior Court of Pennsylvania (Retired), Philadelphia, PA
Shanin Specter
Kline & Specter, PC, Philadelphia, PA
Victor P. Stabile
Superior Court of Pennsylvania, Harrisburg, PA
Jane Stapleton
The University of Sydney Law School, Sydney
Michael K. Steenson
Mitchell Hamline School of Law, Saint Paul, MN
Jeffrey W. Stempel
University of Nevada, Las Vegas, William S. Boyd School of Law, Las Vegas, NV
Evan B. Stephenson
Spencer Fane LLP, Denver, CO
James Y. Stern
William & Mary Law School, Williamsburg, VA
H. Mark Stichel
RKW Law Group, Baltimore, MD
Laura Denvir Stith
Supreme Court of Missouri, Kansas City, MO
Catherine T. Struve
University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School, Philadelphia, PA
John D. Taurman
Vinson & Elkins LLP (Retired), Washington, DC
Jeffrey E. Thomas
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Law, Kansas City, MO
Daniel Mack Traynor
U.S. District Court, District of North Dakota, Bismarck, ND
Victor D. Vital
Haynes and Boone, LLP, Dallas, TX
Elizabeth Weeks
University of Georgia School of Law, Athens, GA
Merle Weiner
University of Oregon School of Law, Eugene, OR
Steven O. Weise
Proskauer Rose LLP, Los Angeles, CA
W. Bradley Wendel
Cornell Law School, Ithaca, NY
Nicholas J. Wittner
Michigan State University College of Law, East Lansing, MI
Douglas P. Woodlock
U.S. District Court, District of Massachusetts, Boston, MA
Richard W. Wright
IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law, Evanston, IL
Eric H. Zagrans
Zagrans Law Firm LLC, Columbus, OH